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Simeon Leland
Simeon Leland was a prominent New York businessman and hotelier during the late 1800s. He made his wealth while operating the Metropolitan Hotel located on fashionable Broadway in lower Manhattan. Opened in 1852 to cater to travelers and residents who wanted to enjoy luxuries like bathrooms, running water, elevators, and fine dining, the Metropolitan attracted many Southern businessmen and their families who often came to New York in the summer to escape the extreme heat of the South.〔Metropolitan Hotel (New York, N.Y.), & Rawdon, Wright, Hatch & Edson,. (1855). Simeon Leland & Co. Metropolitan Hotel, New York ... Five o'clock ordinary. New York, Wednesday, March 14, 1855. New York: Rawden, Wright Hatch & Edson, New York.〕
Leland also began assembling an estate around this time, first purchasing a forty-acre property in New Rochelle overlooking Long Island Sound in 1848. Like many successful New York businessmen at that time, he took advantage of the railroads development into the rural areas out of the city, carefully planning and designing a country residence for graceful and stylish living. In 1855 he began the erection his palatial 60 room, Gothic mansion, "Castle View", which took almost five years to complete.〔(New Rochelle History-Nineteenth Century )〕 Just as he was famous for his well run and fashionable Metropolitan Hotel, Leland's home became equally famous as he entertained there regularly.
New Yorkers were not enthusiastic backers of the War Between the States, knowing that it would adversely affect commerce and New York hotels in particular. As a way to offset his losses, Leland had leased and then purchased David’s Island near his New Rochelle home, purportedly for a hotel, but his financial reverses forced him to lease, and then sell the island to the US government in 1862 where a military hospital was established.〔(From Farms to Resorts, Estates and Home to New Immigrants: New Rochelle in the 19th Century )〕
In 1864, Simeon Leland his brothers took over the management of the Union Hotel in Saratoga, New York, the popular spa and resort for wealthy and an American equivalent to the famous water spas of Europe. In their famous lavish style, they redecorated the hotel and hosted nightly entertainments, balls, and fireworks displays to entertain their hotel guests and others. Many Union generals and officers were entertained at the Union Hotel. Unfortunately, a combination of factors including over-investment in the Hotel, and economic downturn in New York City due to the war, pushed the Leland brothers into bankruptcy following the Civil War. Leland died in 1872.〔(Obituary )〕 Castleview eventually became the College of St. Angela, the first Catholic women’s college in New York State, which is now the College of New Rochelle.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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